A Comprehensive Review on Dermatophytosis With Special Reference to Dadru

Abstract

Introduction:
            Dermatophytosis is a globally prevalent superficial fungal infection involving keratinized tissues, primarily caused by dermatophytes such as Trichophyton, Microsporum, and Epidermophyton. Tinea corporis and tinea cruris are among the most common clinical variants, closely resembling the Ayurvedic condition Dadru Kushtha, marked by circular, pruritic, erythematous lesions with recurrent tendencies. The increasing incidence, therapeutic resistance, and chronicity observed in clinical settings demand a comprehensive understanding through both biomedical and traditional perspectives. This study is aimed to review the clinicopathological features and therapeutic approaches of dermatophytosis with special reference to its correlation with Dadru in Ayurvedic literature.

Methods:

A narrative synthesis was conducted using contemporary dermatological literature and classical Ayurvedic texts, focusing on clinical-pathological parallels.

Discussion:

Dermatophytosis affects approximately 20-25% of the global population, with heightened prevalence in tropical regions like India. The condition typically presents with annular plaques, raised inflammatory margins, central clearing, and pruritus. Pathogenesis involves enzymatic degradation of keratin and host immune activation.

Conclusion:

Management of dermatophytosis, especially Dadru like phenotypes, necessitates an integrative approach involving targeted antifungal therapy and individualized preventive strategies. Recognizing its clinical diversity and aligning therapeutic goals with both modern and traditional paradigms may enhance treatment outcomes.