Ayurvedic Understanding and Management of Tamaka Shwas: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

Introduction:
Bronchial asthma is a prevalent chronic inflammatory disorder in children, marked by episodic bronchoconstriction, airway hyperresponsiveness, and mucus hypersecretion. It significantly impacts quality of life, school performance, and immunity. In Ayurveda, it closely correlates with Tamaka Shwasa, a subtype of Shwasa Roga, primarily involving Vata and Kapha Doshas. Understanding its Ayurvedic perspective may offer a holistic and individualized treatment approach, especially in paediatric care.

Methods:
A comprehensive literary review was conducted using classical Ayurvedic texts such as Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, and Ashtanga Hridaya, along with modern scientific literature from PubMed, AYUSH Research Portal, and Google Scholar. Emphasis was placed on identifying Ayurvedic etiopathogenesis, doshic involvement, and practical formulations relevant to paediatric management.

Results:
Ayurveda explains Tamaka Shwasa as a disease of chronic Vata-Kapha imbalance, aggravated by factors like impaired Agni, accumulation of Aam, obstruction in Pranavaha Srotas, and Rasa Dhatu Dushti. Immune compromise (Vyadhikshamatva) plays a central role in recurrence. Specific Ayurvedic formulations such as Gudadyavaleha, Vasa Avaleha, Kantakari Ghrita, and Swarna Prashana are highlighted for their bronchodilatory, Rasayana, and immunomodulatory actions.

Discussion:
This review bridges Ayurvedic and biomedical perspectives of paediatric bronchial asthma. Ayurvedic management focuses not only on symptomatic relief but also on long-term immune enhancement and recurrence prevention. An integrative approach may offer promising outcomes in paediatric asthma care, with emphasis on diet, lifestyle, and seasonal regimens.